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Increased risk of multiple sclerosis after late Epstein-Barr virus infection: a historical prospective study

The Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C

N Koch-Henriksen

The Danish Multiple Sclerosis Registry, Rigshospitalet, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Department of Neurology, Aalborg Hospital, DK-9000 Aalborg

A Møller-Larsen

The Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C

LS Eriksen

The Danish Institute for Clinical Epidemiology, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.

HMK Andersen

The Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C

An association between infectious mononucleosis (IM) and MS has been proposed. In a historical prospective study we used records from the Danish State Serum Institute on heterophils antibody (HA) tests for IM performed in all Danish patients over a number of years. Included in the analysis were 6853 HA-positive persons analyzed from 1968 to 1978 (except 1975) and 12 886 HA-negative per sons analyzed in the years 1968, 1969, 1970 and 1978. A search for these persons in the central nationwide Danish Multiple Sclerosis Registry (DMSR) was performed. Among the HA-positive persons 16 cases of MS which met the diagnostic criteria were found with onset of MS after the year of the HA test and before follow-up on 1 January 1991. The expected number for a Danish population, matched by sex, age and year at start of observation, was 5.70 (P<0.05), the risk ratio being 2.81. No patient had developed MS before contracting IM. Among the HA-negative persons 12 were registered with onset of MS after the year of the HA test and before follow-up, the expected number being 10.47 (P > 0.05). Although Epstein-Barr virus is not suggested in itself to be the cause of MS, we propose that it is a co-factor in the pathogenesis of this disease.

Key Words: infectious mononucleosis • Paul-Bunnell reaction • heterophile antibodies • epidemiology • registry statistics • numerical data

Multiple Sclerosis, Vol. 1, No. 2, 73-77 (1995)
DOI: 10.1177/135245859500100203


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