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Cognitive and motor function in people with multiple sclerosis in Stockholm County

Division of Physiotherapy, Neurotec Department, Karolinska Institutet, S-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden, Division of Neurology, Neurotec Department, Karolinska Institutet, S-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden, ulrika.einarsson{at}karolinska.se

K Gottberg

Division of Neurology, Neurotec Department, Karolinska Institutet, S-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden

L von Koch

Division of Neurology, Neurotec Department, Karolinska Institutet, S-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden

S Fredrikson

Division of Neurology, Neurotec Department, Karolinska Institutet, S-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden

C Ytterberg

Division of Neurology, Neurotec Department, Karolinska Institutet, S-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden

Y P Jin

Division of Neurology, Neurotec Department, Karolinska Institutet, S-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden

M Andersson

Unit of Neuroimmunology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden

L Widén Holmqvist

Division of Physiotherapy, Neurotec Department, Karolinska Institutet, S-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden, Division of Neurology, Neurotec Department, Karolinska Institutet, S-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden

The aim of this study was to analyse cognitive and motor function in a population-based sample of people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), taking into account both disease-related data and sociodemographic factors. Data were collected from 166 PwMS during home visits. Cognitive function was assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Free Recall and Recognition of 12 Random Words Test (FRR12RWT), and the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT); manual dexterity by the Nine-Hole Peg Test (NHPT); global motor capacity by the Lindmark Motor Capacity Assessment; and walking capacity by a timed 10-metre walk. On cognitive tests, 55% (MMSE), 84% (FRR12RWT), and 45% (SDMT) of PwMS scored within the normal range; 27% of PwMS displayed normal manual dexterity, 9% had a maximal motor-capacity score, and 8% walked at normal speed. Factors associated with normal cognitive function were lower disability and higher education; lower disability and current employment were predictive of capacity to perform the NHPT and to walk 10 metres. In conclusion, cognitive function was normal in approximately half of the PwMS investigated, while a minority displayed normal manual dexterity and normal walking capacity. Thus, both disease severity and socio-demographic factors appear to influence cognitive and motor function in MS.

Key Words: cognition • movement • multiple sclerosis • population • prevalence • walking

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