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Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid and cerebrospinal fluid cells from patients with multiple sclerosis for detection of JC virus DNA

Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Neuroimmunology Unit, Karolinska Institute at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Ellen.Iacobaeus{at}karolinska.se

C Ryschkewitsch

The Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Neuroscience, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA; The Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Neuroscience, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA

M Gravell

The Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Neuroscience, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA

M Khademi

Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Neuroimmunology Unit, Karolinska Institute at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

E Wallstrom

Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Neuroimmunology Unit, Karolinska Institute at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

T Olsson

Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Neuroimmunology Unit, Karolinska Institute at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

L Brundin

Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Neuroimmunology Unit, Karolinska Institute at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

EO Major

The Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Neuroscience, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA

Objective

1) To determine whether JC virus (JCV) DNA was present in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood from patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) in comparison with controls and 2) to find out if our clinical material, based on presence of JCV DNA, included any patient at risk for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML).

Methods

The prevalence of JCV DNA was analyzed in CSF and plasma from 217 patients with MS, 86 patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), and 212 patients with other neurological diseases (OND). In addition, we analyzed CSF cells, the first report of JCV DNA in CSF cells in a single sample, and peripheral blood cells in a subgroup of MS (n = 49), CIS (n = 14) and OND (n = 53).

Results

A low copy number of JCV DNA was detected in one MS cell free CSF sample and in one MS CSF cell samples. None of these had any signs of PML or developed this disease during follow-up. In addition, two OND plasma samples were JCV DNA positive, whereas all the other samples had no detectable virus.

Conclusion

A low copy number of JCV DNA may occasionally be observed both in MS and other diseases and may occur as part of the normal biology of JC virus in humans. This study does not support the hypothesis that patients with MS would be at increased risk to develop PML, and consequently screening of CSF as a measurable risk for PML is not useful.

Key Words: cerebrospinal fluid • JC virus DNA • multiple sclerosis • progressive multifocal • leukoencephalopathy

This version was published on January 1, 2009

Multiple Sclerosis, Vol. 15, No. 1, 28-35 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/1352458508096870


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