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Matrix metalloproteinase-9 and matrix metalloproteinase-2 as biomarkers of various courses in multiple sclerosis

Y Beneová

Department of Neurology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic

A Vak

Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic

H Novotná

Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Hematology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic

J Litzman

Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, St Anne’s Faculty Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic

P toura

Department of Neurology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic

M Beránek

Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic

Z Kadaka

Department of Neurology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic

J Bednaík

Department of Neurology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic

Background

Matrix metalloproteinases are notable contributors to neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier disruption in multiple sclerosis (MS).

Objective

The goal of this study was to determine the serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and their tissue inhibitors (TIMP-1) and (TIMP-2), and to investigate their possible relations to type, disability, and severity of MS.

Materials and methods

Eighty-seven patients with definite MS according to the McDonald criteria and 50 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Their clinical status was evaluated with the Expanded Disability Status Scale. Serum levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunoassay.

Results

A significant elevation in MMP-9 serum levels and in the MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio was found in the whole MS group (P < 0.001), in the relapsing–remitting MS (RRMS) (P < 0.001), and secondary-progressive MS (SPMS) (P < 0.001) groups when compared with the controls. A significant elevation in MMP-2 serum levels and in the MMP-2/TIMP-2 ratio was observed in the primary progressive (P < 0.001) and the SPMS (P < 0.002) groups when compared with the RRMS group, and this increase was also associated with the disability (P < 0.001) and severity (P < 0.05) of the disease.

Conclusion

We confirmed that metalloproteinases are useful biological markers in MS, providing information about the clinical type, disability, and severity of the disease.

Key Words: immunology • matrix metalloproteinase 2 • matrix metalloproteinase 9 • multiple sclerosis • tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases

This version was published on March 1, 2009

Multiple Sclerosis, Vol. 15, No. 3, 316-322 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/1352458508099482


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