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Biopsychosocial correlates of lifetime major depression in a multiple sclerosis population

Department of Community Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada, Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research, 3125 Manulife Place, 10180 101 Street, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T5J 3S4

Luanne M Metz

Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, 12th Floor, 1403 29th Street N. W., Calgary Alberta, T2N 2T9, Canada

Marlene A Reimer

Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N. W., Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada

The objective of this paper was to evaluate the lifetime and point prevalence of major depression in a population-based Multiple Sclerosis (MS) clinic sample, and to describe associations between selected biopsychosocial variables and the prevalence of lifetime major depression in this sample. Subjects who had participated in an earlier study were re-contacted for additional data collection. Eighty-three per cent (n=136) of those eligible consented to participate. Each subject completed the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) and an interviewer-administered questionnaire evaluating a series of biopsychosocial variables. The lifetime prevalence of major depression in this sample was 22.8%, somewhat lower than previous estimates in MS clinic populations. Women, those under 35, and those with a family history of major depression had a higher prevalence. Also, subject reporting high levels of stress and heavy ingestion of caffeine (>400 mg) had a higher prevalence of major depression. As this was a cross-sectional analysis, the direction of causal effect for the observed associations could not be determined. By identifying variables that are associated with lifetime major depression, these data generate hypotheses for future prospective studies. Such studies will be needed to further understand the etiology of depressive disorders in MS.

Multiple Sclerosis, Vol. 6, No. 2, 115-120 (2000)
DOI: 10.1177/135245850000600210


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