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Multiple Sclerosis
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Glial toxicity in urine and multiple sclerosis

C Malcus-Vocanson

bioMérieux-Pierre Fabre, 69280 Marcy L'Etoile, France

P Giraud

Department of Neurology D, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, BP Lyon-Montchat, 69394 Lyon Cedex 03, France

F Micoud

bioMérieux-Pierre Fabre, 69280 Marcy L'Etoile, France

V Janin

bioMérieux-Pierre Fabre, 69280 Marcy L'Etoile, France

M H Charles

bioMérieux-Pierre Fabre, 69280 Marcy L'Etoile, France

E Broussolle

Department of Neurology D, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, BP Lyon-Montchat, 69394 Lyon Cedex 03, France

G Chazot

Department of Neurology D, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, BP Lyon-Montchat, 69394 Lyon Cedex 03, France

B Mandrand

bioMérieux-Pierre Fabre, 69280 Marcy L'Etoile, France

H Perron

bioMérieux-Pierre Fabre, 69280 Marcy L'Etoile, France

The biochemical and biological characterization of a cytotoxic activity targeting macroglial cells (oligodendrocytes and astrocytes), in moncyte cultures and in CSF of a patient with multiple sclerosis, has previously been described. In further studies, cell-based tests have shown a good correlation between this glial cytotoxic (gliotoxic) activity, in CSF or in urine, and MS. We now present results obtained with urine samples from 102 MS patients, 51 patients with other neurological disease and 35 healthy subjects using a bioassay set up for the detection of an apoptosis-like effect induced in a glial cell-line. Significant gliotoxicity was detected in urine from 74/102 MS patients while only 4/51 neurological controls (P40.001) and never in healthy subjects (P40.001). Given the statistical tendency provided by this bioassay and its technical limitations for routine testing, it is now used for monitoring the molecular characterization of this `gliotoxic factor'. Its replacement by a specific immunoassay could provide more accurate routine techniques for the detection of this biological marker in MS.

Key Words: multiple sclerosis • glial cell • cytotoxicity • urine • disease marker

Multiple Sclerosis, Vol. 7, No. 6, 383-388 (2001)
DOI: 10.1177/135245850100700607
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