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First published on October 17, 2007, doi:10.1177/1352458507082604

Multiple Sclerosis 2008;14:278.

A more recent version of this article appeared on March 1, 2008
 © 2007 SAGE Publications

Article

Autologous stem-cell transplantation in malignant multiple sclerosis: a case with a favorable long-term outcome

V.K. Kimiskidis1*, I. Sakellari2, V. Tsimourtou1, V. Kapina1, S. Papagiannopoulos1, D. Kazis1, N. Vlaikidis1, A. Anagnostopoulos2, and A Fassas2

1 Department of Neurology III, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, George Papanikolaou Hospital, Thessaloniki, 570 10 Greece
2 Department of Haematology, Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, George Papanikolaou Hospital, Thessaloniki, 570 10 Greece

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.


  Abstract

Malignant multiple sclerosis (MS) is a rare but clinically important subtype of MS characterized by the rapid development of significant disability in the early stages of the disease process. These patients are refractory to conventional immunomodulatory agents and the mainstay of their treatment is plasmapheresis or immunosuppression with mitoxantrone, cyclophosphamide, cladribine or, lately, bone marrow transplantation. We report on the case of a 17-year old patient with malignant MS who was treated with high-dose chemotherapy plus anti-thymocyte globulin followed by autologous stem cell transplantation. This intervention resulted in an impressive and long-lasting clinical and radiological response. It is concluded that intensive immunosuppression followed by autologous stem cell transplantation is a viable therapeutic option in patients with malignant MS unresponsive to conventional forms of treatment.

Key Words: autologous stem-cell transplantation; malignant multiple sclerosis


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